What It Means When Congress Is In Recess

A recess of the U.S. Congress or the Senate is a temporary break in proceedings. It can be within the same day, overnight, or for a weekend or period of days. It is done instead of an adjournment, which is a more formal close of proceedings. An adjournment for more than three days requires approval by both the House and the Senate, according to the Constitution, while recesses do not have such restrictions. Congressional Recesses A Congressional session runs for one year, from January 3 to sometime in December. But Congress does not meet each and every business day of the year. When Congress has recessed, business has been put on hold. For example, Congress often holds business sessions only on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday, so that legislators can visit their constituents over a long weekend that includes a work day. At such times, Congress has not adjourned but is, instead, recessed. Congress also recesses the week of a federal holiday. The Legislative Reorganization Act of 1970 stipulated a 30-day recess each August, except in time of war. Representatives and Senators use recess periods in many ways. Often, they are hard at work during a recess, studying legislation, attending meetings and hearings, meeting with interest groups, raising campaign funds, and visiting their district. They are not required to stay in Washington, DC, during a recess and may take the opportunity to return to their districts. During longer recesses, they may log some actual vacation time. Some are dissatisfied with the short work week typical of Congress, where many are only in town for three days of the week. There have been suggestions to impose a five-day workweek and give one week out of four off to visit their district. Recess Appointments During a recess, a President can execute a pocket-veto or make recess appointments. This ability became a bone of contention during the 2007-2008 session. Democrats controlled the Senate and they  wanted to prevent President George W. Bush from making recess appointments at the end of his term of office. Their tactic was to have pro forma sessions every three days, so they were never in recess long enough for him to exercise his recess appointment power. This tactic then was used by the House of Representatives in 2011. This time, it was the Republicans in the majority who used pro forma sessions to stay in session and prevent the Senate from adjourning for more than three days (as is provided in the Constitution). President Barack Obama was prevented from approving recess appointments. The case went to the Supreme Court when President Obama appointed three members of the National Labor Relations Board in January 2012 despite these pro forma sessions held every few days. The Supreme Court ruled unanimously that this was not allowed. They said that the Senate is in session when it says its in session. Four of the justices would have restricted recess appointment powers only during the period between the end of a yearly session and the beginning of the next one.

The Power Of The Western Empire - 874 Words

During the Fifth century government and religious relied on one another to further their dominance on other culture and government, this occurred during the Frankish Gaul, who were the Merovingians, reign in forcefully bringing the Western empire one unifying country rather than having sectors of rulers. However, the unifying nations crumble after Clovis death, the separation of these nation was once again united with the help of the Carolingians, a family who are aristocrats, during the eight century. The Carolingians could not have united the crumble remnants of the Merovingians without the help of the church’s influence on the people; Charles Martel (ca. 714-741), leader of the Carolingians, increase his influence by defeating the attacking Muslims making Martel â€Å"the most powerful man in Frankland but also the leader of the most powerful force in Latin Christendom†(312). The successor of Charles Martel was his son Pepin III (ca. 751-768), he strengthen religi ous influence over the government by augmenting ties with the church in which open unnecessary doors. One of the doors vested the church to appoint kings as rulers by the grace of â€Å"god†, in the sense that god gave the pope the right to appoint rulers meaning the kings are under the control of the pope. Later, the struggle of dominance begins between government and religion. During the time of Charlemagne inherited the throne, his ambitions were to have fuse the Roman, Germanic, and Christian elements into aShow MoreRelated Exploring the Effects of the West on The Ottoman Empire Essay examples1070 Words   |  5 Pagesyears, Western European colonists and prominent historical figures were particularly known for exploiting and devastating distant cultures and civilizations around the world. This included groups ranging from the Aboriginals and the Aztecs in the remote â€Å"New World†, to groups in East Asia such as the Chinese and the Mughals. However, historia ns today debate whether or not these prevailing and prospering Western European nations were as successful at influencing the cultures of nearer empires such asRead MoreFall of the Roman Empire758 Words   |  4 Pages126 3 March 2010 The fall of the Roman Empire Political, economic and social aspects were all involved in the fall of the Roman Empire. In 395 A.D., Rome was divided into two empires, with one capital in Rome and the other in Constantinople. During that time, the western Roman Empire was being invaded by barbarian tribes from the North. In 410, the Visigoth tribe succeeded in conquering the western capital in Rome. In 476, the western Emperor Romulus Augustulus was finally overthrownRead MoreThe Rise Of The Late And Early 20th Century1693 Words   |  7 Pagesera in modern history. It was a period where Western ideals were pushed by motivated empires with ambitions of wealth and expanding territory and, while impossible to distinguish the most influencing factor that led to the Westernization of nations on a global scale, it is easy to determine key points that played important roles in world history. With Western cultures emerging with both technological and military advantage over secluded and obsolete empires, it was only a matter of time before the WestRead MoreEssay on Compare Contrast - Russia, Ottoman Empire 1450-17501383 Words   |  6 Pagesmodernization shaped its relationships with Western Europe and the Ottoman Empire, causing Russia’s leaders to respect and imitate Western Europe while competing with the European powers to fill the power vacuum of the failing Ottoman Empire. Russia emerged as a significant power during the 1500s through war. It fought its neighbors and expanded its territory aimlessly. Ivan the Terrible’s expansion brought him into contact with both Western Europe and the Ottoman Empire. Aiming to gain a port and outletRead MoreSocial and Economic Decline in the Western Roman Empire Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesBy the fourth century, the Roman Empire had developed exponentially with significant growth in cultural, social, and political activity. Leading up to the Battle of Adrianople of 378 AD, the Empire suffered significant division and its once uniform body began to splinter. After multiple attempts to unify the empire, the East and the West grew increasingly independent. The battle proved a critical turning point in the prominence of the West significantly foreshadowing its future. While the decliningRead MoreWhy Did Rome Fall?1342 Words   |  6 Pagesfell and that is was for many reasons the empire crumbled leaving the we st to rot and the east to thrive. The western empire was constantly under attack by the Germanic tribes from across the Rhine river. The tribes that they considered to be barbarians would push into Roman land and sack towns and pillage until they were pushed back by the army. This mixed with pressure from the east caused the Roman army to be bouncing back and forth across the empire always leaving one flank exposed. Now thatRead MoreThe Rise Of The Church1332 Words   |  6 Pagesimperative to recall that the center of the Christianity had been destroyed in AD 70, when the army of Titus destroyed Jerusalem. Looking for leadership, the Christians would have immediately sought out those in Rome as it was the center of power and capitol of the Empire. In the first and second centuries, all roads did indeed lead to Rome. The second reason that Christians looked to Rome for leadership is because they believed that the church would come from Peter. Many took Jesus statement in MatthewRea d MoreEssay on The Fall of the Western Empire in the Fifth Century532 Words   |  3 Pagessystem of tetrarchy, the creation of this new city affirmed the separation of the Roman Empire into the east and the west. The Eastern Roman Empire held a series of advantages over the west both socially and economically. The Western Roman Empire was the weaker empire and a bad leadership and government along with attacks from barbarians led to the demise of the Western Roman Empire. However the Roman Empire was severely weakened by the fourth century and the government was less capable of withstandingRead MoreThe Collapse Of The Western Empire1428 Words   |  6 Pagesoccurring during a point in history. Through a chain reaction to many dynamics the Roman Empire divided and eventually the Western Empire collapsed. The collapse of the Western Empire allowed for one type of governing to developed in that region. And different form of authority, had been developing since Constantine had moved the Eastern empire capital into Byzantine. These two halves of the once Roman Empire held very different ideals on how authority should be viewed and how a government shouldRead MoreThe Rise Of The Roman Empire973 Words   |  4 Pagessee how empires grew and became successful. Many empires were so successful because of their leaders and their philosophies. Empires often had good runs and would be running successful until a stronger and more powerful empire would bring them down. One empire that was known as the most advanced both socially and politically in the western civilization was the Roman Empire. At about 285 CE the empire was so greatly advanced that the Roman central government could no longer rule the empire on its own

The White Indentured Servants Free Essays

In the 17th century the white indentured servants and black slaves were pretty much the same in everything but skin color. They cooperated in bacons rebellion in which the black slaves and white indentured servants worked together for a common cause. The slaves and indentured servants worked together to end the poverty and discontent of the people who had no land in Virginia. We will write a custom essay sample on The White Indentured Servants or any similar topic only for you Order Now This was the first rebellion in the American colonies that frontiers men took part in. It was the force of about a thousand Virginians that rose up in arms against Virginia governor William Berkley. This is because he refused to attack the Native Americans in retaliation for the natives attacking the poor frontiers men. Though it is believed it was bacons move against Governor William Berkley and his favoritism of certain members of the court. After Berkley refused to retaliate against the Native Americans who attacked the western frontiers men they took it into their own hands. They gathered around at the report of a new raiding party. They when and killed the some of the Native Americans and their families including some of the friendly Pamukey Indians. Nathanial Bacon criticized Governor William Berkley rule as one of unfair tax hikes, appointing friends in positions of power and failing to protect frontier settlers from native attacks. Then there were months of conflict for Bacons small army until he pulled a very bold and risky move. Bacons small army moved to Jamestown, the capital of Virginia, the burned Jamestown to the ground on September 19, 1676. This sent Governor William Berkley fleeing and also sent Bacons small army retreated across the river. Then before the British navel squadron arrived to help Governor William Berkley and his forces Nathanial Bacon died from dysentery on October 26, 1676. The rebellion didn’t last long after that. The Effect of this is that it is one of the only times that whites and blacks co operated in rebellion until the civil war. This also effectively removed William Berkley as governor. How to cite The White Indentured Servants, Essay examples

Natural Resource Management free essay sample

Natural Resource Management refers to the management of natural resources such as land, water, soil, plants and animals, with a particular focus on how management affects the quality of life for both present and future generations Natural resource management is congruent with the concept of sustainable development, a scientific principle that forms a basis for sustainable global land management and environmental governance to conserve and preserve natural resources. Natural resource management specifically focuses on a scientific and technical understanding of resources and ecology and the life-supporting capacity of those resources. 1] Environmental management is also similar to natural resource management. The Natural resource management emphasis on sustainability can be traced back to early attempts to understand the ecological nature of American rangelands in the late 19th century, and the resource conservationmovement of the same time. [2][3] This type of analysis coalesced in t he 20th century with recognition that preservationist conservation strategies had not been effective in halting the decline of natural resources. We will write a custom essay sample on Natural Resource Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A more integrated approach was implemented recognising the intertwined social, cultural, economic and political aspects of resource management. 4] A more holistic, national and even global form evolved, culminating in the Brundtland Commission and the advocacy of sustainable development. The most active areas of natural resource management are Wildlife management often associated with Eco-tourism and Rangeland (pastures) management. The Natural resource management emphasis on sustainability can be traced back to early attempts to understand the ecological nature of American rangelands in the late 19th century, and the resource conservation movement of the same time. This type of analysis coalesced in the 20th century with recognition that preservationist conservation strategies had not been effective in halting the decline of natural resources. A more integrated approach was implemented recognising the intertwined social, cultural, economic and political aspects of resource management. [4] A more holistic, national and even global form evolved, culminating in the Brundtland Commission and the advocacy of sustainable development. The most active areas of natural resource management are Wildlife management often associated with Eco-tourism and Rangeland (pastures) management.

Frankenstein Essays (964 words) - Frankenstein,

Frankenstein As Victim "Am I to be thought the only criminal, when all human kind sinned against me?" (Shelly 165) - Frankenstein's Monster Upon reading Mary Shelley's Frankenstein, it is all too easy to come to the conclusion that the creature Dr. Victor Frankenstein creates is a "vile insect" (68) that should be "overwhelm [ed] with... furious detestation and contempt" (68). But is this really accurate? Is this "monster" truly the "wretched devil" (68) Victor believes him to be? Or is he actually a "fallen angel whom [Victor] drove from joy for no misdeed... [and that] misery made a fiend" (69)? The case for the creature being a "hideous monster" (102) is quite strong. He murders young William Frankenstein with his bare hands; afterwards, he frames Justine Moritz for the crime because he "is forever robbed of all that she could give [him, therefore] she shall atone" (103). Victor's best friend, Henry Clerval, is murdered by the creature as well. Finally, the monster fulfills his promise of being "'with [Victor] on [his] wedding night'" (139) by killing Elizabeth, Victor's cousin and new bride. It would seem that this beast truly is, in Victor's opinion, unequaled in "deformity and wickedness" (122). However, after closer examination, one finds that the creature, though he has committed heinous acts of violence, is not entirely at fault. In fact, it would seem that the individual responsible for the monster's actions is Dr. Victor Frankenstein himself. When Victor first creates the creature, he is struck with "breathless horror and disgust" (35) at its very appearance. Because of this, he abandons it, not caring about its welfare or safety. This could be seen as somewhat analogous to giving birth to a baby, then leaving it in the woods to fend for itself. After being deserted by his creator, the creature becomes nothing more than a "poor, helpless, miserable wretch" (71), living on a diet of berries and acorns, and feeling Do 2 "frightened... [and] desolate" (71). He learns the language and ways of man by observing a small family for a couple of years, and yearns for their company so that they can be "sympathizing with [his] feelings and cheering [his] gloom" (93). However, all his encounters with humans end with the humans experiencing feelings of "horror and consternation" (96) (due to his disfigured appearance) while his heart sinks "with bitter sickness" (97) from these rejections. When he approaches an old man eating breakfast, the old man flees in terror. When he attempts to befriend the blind De Lacy, Felix darts forward and tears him "with supernatural force... from his father" (97). And when he rescues a young girl from drowning in a swiftly flowing river, he is not thanked with kind words, but instead with bullets. Thus, the "reward of [his] benevolence... [is] the miserable pain of a wound which shattered the flesh and bone" (101). It comes as no surprise, then, when the creature comes to the conclusion that "there was none among the myriads of men that existed who would pity or assist [him]" (97), he declares "ever-lasting war against the species, and, more than all, against him [Victor] who had formed [him, the monster], and sent him forth to this insupportable misery" (97). He murders William Frankenstein because he is a relative of Victor, and frames Justine because he knows she will never be sympathetic towards him, since she is a member of the human race (talk about being in the wrong place at the wrong time). When the monster finally gets a chance to speak with his creator, he has but one request: "a creature of another sex, but as hideous as [him] self" (105). If Victor complies with this request, the creature will, for once in his existence, "excite the sympathy of some living thing" (105) and promises that no "other human being shall ever see [them] again" (105). Victor agrees to this at first, but later decides that it will be too risky to create another being which might be "ten thousand times more malignant than her mate" (120). Upon coming to this conclusion, Victor destroys the second creature, leaving the first, once again, alone to "grovel in the intensity of [his] wretchedness" (123). At this point, out of rage and desperation, the monster kills Henry Clerval, and later, Elizabeth. Can the creature really be blamed for his behavior and actions? His heart "was fashioned to be susceptible of love and sympathy" (164); however, in all his years of Do 3 existence, he has seen nothing but violence and hatred towards himself. It is

My Values essays

My Values essays People have very different reasons on why going to college and getting an education is important for them. Some people go to college because that is what is expected of them, and others go because they have nothing else better to do. However, I am interested in going to college and obtaining a good education because it will benefit my family, my country, and me. My parents have this perfect life for me pictured in their heads, and the first thing they see me doing is going to college. They expect the best of me, and so by going to college, I will not only have fulfilled their goals for me, but I will have accomplished one of the goals I have set for myself. In our culture, when parents come to the age where they cant support themselves, it is the duty of the children to look after them. We dont just throw our elders into retirement homes and visit them twice every year. We are expected to meet their wants and needs, and that will not be possible without a good education, which will then lead to a good job. As you know, a college education is good for each individual, but not only that, it is good for the country. As a college education becomes more obtainable through the use of financial aid, our country benefits the most. We are the future businessmen and women of America, and through our knowledge, the country will grow. The education we get today will help us prosper in the future, and the more we expand our horizons, the more the economy will increase. If students are denied an education because they dont have the means to pay for college, then they are deprived of accomplishing their goals and reaching their fullest potential. In the words of Michael Jackson, The dream we were conceived in will reveal a joyful face, and the world we once believed in will shine again in grace. With the students of today being educated, the people of tomorrow will prosper. Now that Ive explained how my goi...

Benjamin Franklin and his contribution to US Essay

Benjamin Franklin and his contribution to US - Essay Example He is favourably considered by many historians as a person who valued personal freedom and fought to see the wishes of the people prevail. This paper is dedicated to the analysis of the contributions of Benjamin Franklin to the country he played a role in founding. Fire was very a dangerous threat to Philadelphians therefore Benjamin Franklin created the Union Fire Company in 1736 to remedy the situation. The company became one of the first volunteer firefighting companies in the United States of America. In 1752, Benjamin created the Philadelphia Contribution for Insurance against Loss by Fire to help those who often suffered irreversible economic loss because of fire damages (Brands 83). Those who had insurance policies were lucky because they could not be wiped out financially by fire damages. In London Benjamin opposed the Stamp Act but failed to prevent its passage. Consequently, he made a political miscalculation by recommending a friend of his to the post of stamp distributor for Pennsylvania. This act annoyed the Pennsylvanians and they threatened to destroy his home in Philadelphia because they believed he had been supporting the measure that they were against all along. However, Benjamin soon realized the extent to which the colonies were resistant to the Stamp Act and gave a testimony before the House of Commons that led to its repeal as noted by Brands (56). In his testimony he said that the Americans would not pay taxes if the Stamp Act was adopted. This made Benjamin the leading American spokesman for American interests in England. He wrote famous essays on behalf of the colonies and was appointed by as an agent of many other colonies to the crown. In 1773, Benjamin wrote two essays that were his most celebrated pro American satirical writings. His essays were An Edict by the King of Prussia and Rules by Which a Great Empire May Be Reduced to a Small One (Houston 312). After the return of Benjamin to Pennsylvania, in 1963, the western frontier